Monday, December 30, 2019

Egypt, Mesopotamia, And Israel - 1418 Words

In the Ancient World, civilizations dominated parts of the world from around 3,000 BC to 30 BC. This domination was immensely helped because of the Neolithic Revolution, that happened thousands of years prior. The revolution allowed for more people to settle in one place and not follow and migrate with their prey. This began civilizations that were controlled by leadership, organization, innovative technology and mainly by geography. An example of these civilizations are Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Israel. Each of these civilizations had their own advantages, Egypt was brought fertile land from the regular floodings by the Nile River, Mesopotamia was located in the fertile crescent and Israel was in between both of these advanced†¦show more content†¦Without many of Sumer’s technology, the world back then would be far less advanced. Some of these civilizations that benefited from Sumer’s ideas was Israel because it was between both Egypt and Sumer, it adopted many of their ideas and changed some to become their own. Like a belief in the gods, yet Israelites were monotheistic unlike the two civilizations, and after seeing how both Egypt and Sumer had a language that they wrote in Israel created Hebrew. Without all of the advances in technology, the Ancient World would have less culture and beliefs than it with all of their technology. In these civilizations, there were many worshipping and sacrificial places that were in place because of their belief in the gods and the afterlife. All around the world were temples and places to pray to the gods, but the religion in these civilizations was exceptionally strong. In Egypt, the Pyramids were everlasting tombs for the dead. The Pyramids are located on the Nile and was the most north and most sacred of all the temples. The belief in the afterlife was crucial in their religion. Egyptians treated the dead better than they treated the living. While your physical life on earth was short, they thought yo ur soul could survive forever in the afterlife. These pyramids held important pharaohs and priests, that were placed in the tombs with gifts that they could take with them after they died.Show MoreRelated Exploring The Four Ancient Civilizations- Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece and Israel1009 Words   |  5 Pagesnumerous cultures, each unique in some ways while the same time having features in common. Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece and Israel are all important to the history of the world because of religious, social, political and economic development. In the first civilization, both Mesopotamia and Egypt relied on a hunter-gatherer economic system, during that time, every country in the world strived on it. Mesopotamia had rich soil for agriculture, but experiences floods. For the Mesopotamians, theseRead MoreThe Study of Hebrew Diaspora1669 Words   |  7 Pagesto Canaan to become the founder of a monotheistic people. Two generations later, famine spreads to Canaan and Jacob takes his 12 sons, along with their families, to Egypt, where their descendants were later enslaved. After four centuries, Moses, chosen by God, led the enslaved Israelites back to the Land of Israel (exodus from Egypt), where they conquer most of the land and lose their nomadic traditions to become craftsmen and farmers. Saul, the first king, brings peace to the country and ceasesRead MoreMesopotamia, Egypt and Hebrews Essay975 Words   |  4 PagesMesopotamia, Egypt and Hebrews Mesopotamia and Egypt are known as the â€Å"place of the first civilization† followed by the Hebrews. These three societies traded extensively, but there was a difference in economic area. Mesopotamia was more productive of technological improvements, because their environment was more difficult to manage than the Nile valley. Trade contacts were more extensive, and the Mesopotamians gave attention to a merchant class and commercial law. Priests were part of theRead MoreEssay on The History of Punishment1108 Words   |  5 Pagesimpact the world and how people live their life. Throughout generation to generation civilizations, countries have grown in crimes and punishment. Ancient punishments were harsher than Today’s punishments. In Middle ages, Ancient Greece and Rome, Mesopotamia they’d cruel punishments that were more harsher, severe than Today’s. In the oldest civilizations people were inhumane. They’d committed the most brutal punishme nts. Today, we have jails and a faster way to die without pain. Before any jails, orRead MoreImpact Of Trade And Conquest On The Civilizations1244 Words   |  5 PagesEarly civilizations we have learned include Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, and China. After learning about these civilization, I can include there were many impacts to the development and spread of these civilizations. Although trade and conquest were the two more prominent impacts, conflict (conquest) had the most important impact on the developments of these early civilizations. Trade and conquest both had their impacts, but looking closer one impact was more significant than the other. Trade was aRead MoreOld Testament Essay1772 Words   |  7 Pageshis uncle in Mesopotamia, where he marries Leah and Rachel. After 20 years in Mesopotamia, Jacob returned to Canaan. Jacobs’s wives give birth to eleven sons and one daughter. They become the twelve tribes of Israel. The siblings become jealous of Joseph, the favorite son, so they sell Joseph into slavery. Joseph is sold to a high-ranking Egyptian and taken to Egypt. The brothers tell Jacob that Joseph is dead. When famine strikes Canaan, Joseph, who had become well respected in Egypt, sends forRead MoreThe Contributions of Ancient Civilizations to History Essay855 Words   |  4 Pagesdistance trade routes were established. This was a step towards the first urban-based civilizations, as a significant number of people were becoming full time in a non-agricultural trade. The first primary civilization was located in Southern Mesopotamia, known as Sumer. The Sumerians invented the first writing known as Cuneiform. We are left with tens of thousands of written records on many aspects of the Sumerians, the most notable of these being the Epic of Gilgamesh. This is an account ofRead MoreDeath and Afterlife in Ancient Egyptian Society and the Mesopotamian Society746 Words   |  3 Pagesmonths of May until October. This led to the devastation of agriculture. Not only did the Sumerians have to deal with the effects of the droughts, they had to deal with the consequences of flooding as well. The Tigris and the Euphrates surrounded Mesopotamia thus when it would overflow more devastation would occur such as the washouts of embankments. (Hause, 2001, pg. 7) Sumerians praised their gods and goddesses by building temples for them known as Ziggurats. Sumerians were constantly tryingRead MoreThe Stomach Is The Center And Origin Of Civilization905 Words   |  4 PagesCivilization†). Food played a crucial role in the rise of civilization. It spurred on the transition from a hunter and gather way of life to a sedentary and domesticated lifestyle, especially through agriculture and the development of farming. Ancient Egypt grew many of the crops used in the Old World, producing a variety of fruits, vegetables and grains to supplement their diet of fish, poultry and dairy. Specifically, their cereal plants such as wheat, barley and rye, aided in the evolution of breadRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Grisly Assyrian Record Of Torture And Death By Erika Bleibtreu1674 Words   |  7 PagesTorture and Death† by Erika Bleibtreu gives an insight into the ways of the Assyrian military campaigns and battles. During Mesopotamian times , wars were what divided ruling periods. There were many different groups of people that dominated Ancient Mesopotamia, and the Assyrians were one of them. Assyria, a powerful ancient empire, once sprawled across the entirety of the Fertile Crescent. It encompassed land in four modern day countries: Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria. The Assyrians were a force to not

Sunday, December 22, 2019

What Makes A Good Villain - 1554 Words

What makes a good villain? That word is most common in comic books and movies where the antagonist brings down the protagonist, and saves the day. The word â€Å"Villain† in this day and age has a negative connotation. When it was first used, it was a neutral term. A â€Å"Villain† was actually a poor person who lived on a farm; he lived in a â€Å"villa†. When the word was borrowed into English as â€Å"Villain† it was used to refer to any lowborn rustic. The conditions in which these people lived were so horrible that they had to resort to violence and crime to make ends meet. In their own way, sometimes a villain has to do what he or she believes in, which i respect. Most often people see the villain in a bad way, but not me. I see them as a†¦show more content†¦For anyone who has read this story, it seems like Iago was the jealous type, but who can blame him? I think Iago was very important in this story, regardless whether he was jea lous or wanted revenge. For the sake of the argument, I think Iago had every right into tricking his General that his love was committing adultery, which will be discussed later in the paper. This story was one of my favorite ones out of all the Shakespeare one’s we read in class, simply because not only was it a daunting read, but because what I realized what it truly was and it amazed me. Iago wanted revenge over his general because he felt jealous and was not appreciated for all the work he has done. By the end of Act 1, we find out that the reason Iago wanted to manipulate Othello into killing his wife, Desdimona, was because he was angry with him for not giving him the rank of Lieutenant, and giving it to the inexperienced Cassio, instead. And a sudden rumor came upon him that he was also sleeping with his wife, Emilia. His plot was simple: he tells Emilia to take the handkerchief while telling Othello that he had found in the bedroom of Cassio, which puts him in a jealous rage into thinking that his wife is cheating on him with Cassio. Now, it is wrong to try to spread gossip about your friends, you do not bite the hand that feeds you, but in this case Iago bit the hand that fed him. Even though he was not promoted to

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Progression of music Free Essays

string(183) " is written by Reynolds with belief that the progression of music is now non existent and modern music of the popular culture is based upon regurgitation of past trends/ideas/styles\." In this literature review we will be looking at reading based around the idea of progression within music. Comparisons between different pieces of text regarding the current position of music, and If possible, the future of music and how it can progress. The main books in discussion will consist of, â€Å"Simon Reynolds:Retaining†, â€Å"David Gauntlet:Making Is Connecting†, Tall:The Political Economy of Music. We will write a custom essay sample on Progression of music or any similar topic only for you Order Now A lot of the quotes that will be in discussion will revolve around the theme of â€Å"post repetition†. This Is a theory regarding the structure or stage of current music, an Idea Tall briefly discusses In context with three other previous stages he believes to have occurred. This also explains the choice to discuss â€Å"Retaining†, the themes from this book tie in with the concept of repetition and revolves around firm beliefs that current music, and also society are trapped in the past. However â€Å"Making is connecting† takes a more subjective role in the discussion as it is primarily based around the individual creator in the sense of their feeling and creativity, and does not so much Involve the influence of any capitalist ideas. We will first draw some theories from Tails. Draws up the comparison of Music running alongside society, and at points beyond. In short, Tall draws the comparison in which music runs along side social order and how the mindset of society, at any given time, is reflected onto the art of music. Not Just in the literal sense as would be applied to such era’s as Punk, but in the progression of music over time. â€Å"its styles and economic organization are ahead of the rest of society because it explores, much faster than material reality can, the entire range of capabilities in a given code. (Tails,1977) Here Tall is referring to music as a sped up representation of society at any given time. This is why his current claim on post repetition is interesting as any other stage or progression in music, according to Tails, could replicate that of societies in the future. The question regarding this is whether it is possible for music or society, to considerably progress onto what cou ld be seen as another stage of progression. If the idea of post-repeating is feasible, then it could be seen that society, let alone music, are currently trapped in a repeating existence that isn’t regressing, only expanding. However for the time being it is more important to look back if there is any chance of looking forward. This is where Italy’s four stages of music form in â€Å"Political Economy of Music†, and during the last stage, the idea of post repeating is bought about. â€Å"Sacrifice† refers to the point in musical history where no sound was recorded, written, and the art of music was completely detached from anything physical. It was simply Just an oral process. Music was simply a way of transferring current cultural and social feelings from one person to another. â€Å"Representing† This term refers to the first printed music, 1500-1900 AD. Printed music was the first form of music that was seen as a commodity, it could be seen as the first time any form of technology had an influence upon human emotion. Tall refers to this period as Representation because the performer would have to represent and play the music that was printed for an audience. â€Å"Repeating† The term repeating refers to the time period of around 1900 to the present. The term is applied by Tall to any recorded sound of broadcasted sound which was made possible by technological advancements. Even though this meant music as an industry could really excel and prophet, the first mindset of music being a commodity was established the moment it could be written and performed. However, according to Tails, the stage of repeating completely took over and made the ideas behind representation, now irrelevant. â€Å"The advent of recording thoroughly shattered representation. First produced as a way of preserving its trace, it instead replaced it as the driving force of becomes a simulacrum of the record: an audience generally familiar with the artist’s recordings attends to hear a live replication†¦ For popular music, this as meant the gradual death of small bands, who have been reduced to faithful imitations of recording stars. For the classical repertory, it means the danger†¦ Of imposing all of the aesthetic criteria of repetition?made of rigor and cold calculation?upon representation. † (Tails,1977) â€Å"Post Repetition† The term post repetition was a term Tall briefly refers to as the next state from Repeating, this is also backed up by Italy’s Chapter on Composing and how this new process is not undertaken for exchange or use value. Even though Italy’s theories, as well as many other philosophers surrounding he subject, can be seen ambitious and at some times overly vague, this idea of a post repetition makes sense and would revolve around society at this moment and how we are progressing. This is why it is of interest as to whether music can genuinely progress, or whether we are infinitely trapped within a post era where Italy’s terms of exchange time and use time, are becoming ever more irrelevant. Tall labels â€Å"Exchange-Time† as the time one would spend earning the spend listening to the bought item. The ideas of exchange time and use time, are now seen as words which don’t bear relevance to a vast amount of current music. With the massive surge of the internet and accessibility, the value of music has morphed, and also the intentions of the people making it. This new activity is NOT undertaken for its exchange or use value. It is undertaken solely for the pleasure of the person who does it (its â€Å"producer†). Such activity involves a radical rejection of the specialized roles (composer, performer, audience) that dominated all previous music. Data†, 1977) We will now relate this to and investigate current musical practice and the mindset of the â€Å"Producer†. Simon Reynolds book â€Å"Retaining†, and â€Å"Making is connecting† by David Gauntlet both investigate these ideas. Retaining is written by Reynolds with belief that the progression of music is now non existent and modern music of the popular culture is based upon regurgitation of past trends/ideas/styles. You read "Progression of music" in category "Papers" We live in a society that is obsessed with it’s own past, instead of moving into a new future. Reynolds does also include mostly all aspects of daily life into his theories and how our society is looking back instead of looking forward. Artifacts of its immediate past, but there has never before been a society that is able to access the immediate past so easily and so copiously. (Reynolds, 2011) Here we see Reynolds referring to the society we are currently surrounded by, as one â€Å"obsessed† with it’s own past. He also gives appreciation to the fact that we live in a world where modern phenomenon’s, such as the internet and media , give society the power to access the immediate past so easily and freely. This is key to part of the reasoning as to why Reynolds believes as a whole that we are living in a â€Å"Retraining†, a world that is looking backwards instead of forwards. It is a pretty indisputable fact, that due to the surge of technology and the lily advantages in our life, we have access to the things we never would have had before. However Reynolds follows up on this point, putting the obsession of the past, into the reasoning that it is because we are nostalgic and almost envious of it. Is nostalgia stopping our culture’s ability to surge forward, or are we nostalgic precisely because our culture has stopped moving forward and so we inevitably look back to more momentous and dynamic times? † (Reynolds, 2011) stopped moving forward in general, whether or not he is finding reason through nostalgia. A lot of Reynolds beliefs come through in forms of musical practice’s such s sampling, covering artists, anniversary concerts, greatest hits albums, gener ally repetitive process’. We live in a pop age gone loco for retro and crazy commemoration† (Reynolds,2011) â€Å"Could it be that the greatest danger to the future of music culture is it’s past†. (Reynolds, 2011) These are quotes from the very first page of the introduction and sum up his beliefs straight away. He goes as far to say that the end of pop culture will not come with one big bang, but it is through a gradual process which we are already living in. â€Å"This is the way that pop ends, not with a BANG but with a box set whose Ruth disc you never get around to playing†. Reynolds, 2011) He then, shortly after, puts the reasoning upon the producer; â€Å"The very people you would’ve once expected to produce (as artists) or champion (as consumers) the non-traditional and the groundbreaking – that’s â€Å"The avian-grade is now an air ©re-grade. † (Reynolds, 2011) These quotes are portraying the â€Å"modern pro ducer† as the fundamental reason as to why music isn’t progressing. This, to Reynolds, could be seen as an environmental issue due to the fact our society is constantly exploring the past and repeating itself. He described the process of the modern producer as airier-grade† meaning it is the producer themselves who are trapped in the past. However, as previously mentioned, a lot of the reasoning as to why we may be living in a culture where we are looking back, is due to the fact we can. Technology and the way we have advanced as a culture has enabled us to store huge amounts of digital artifacts through mediums such as; ‘pods, computers, phones, sound-systems, cad’s, records, the internet. We can also experience music and media in ways like never before; stereo 5:1, 3-D image/sound, and not to mention all the ways in which to do so prior to these. To Reynolds, the abilities to store and look back, are what we have become victim to. â€Å"We’ve become victims of our ever-increasing capacity to store, organism, instantly access, and share vast amounts of cultural data. Not only has there immediate past, but there has never before been a society that is able to access the past so easily and so copiously. Reynolds, 2011) This quote is mainly focused on the fact we are able to easily access, store, share data like never before. However Reynolds does use the phrase, â€Å"we’ve become†, this could suggest that our access to all this data as only become a robber of recent time. Reynolds never seems to really pick at the upraise of vinyl, tape, or the initial upraise of cad’s. The start of the sass’s is when he believes our modern culture an d popular music industry lost all forward thinking and started seeking past ideas and past trends. Instead of being the threshold to the future, the first ten years of the twenty-first century turned out to be the ‘Re’ Decade. † (Reynolds, 2011) Here this quote describes the start of the sass’s, as being the start of a retro decade instead of being the start of new original ideas. Perhaps the first time popular culture fully shifted it’s attention to the past. This brings up the question as to whether technological advancements such as Amp’s, I Pods and the mass growth of file-sharing are the reason as to why we are so sentimental and look back for inspiration in modern music practice. Or is it more to do with the â€Å"producer†, rather than the ways of consumption. Has the person creating and making the material lost the will to look forward If Italy’s point of music’s â€Å"styles and economic organization†, being â€Å"ahead† of the rest of society then then what would be the outcome of the sass’s â€Å"Re-decade† as Reynolds dubbed it? Could that be the point our society has truly reached a form of creative standardization. Where new ideas and creative instinct is solely based upon repetition of past ideas. This could be what Tall would’ve been suggesting through the idea of â€Å"Post Repetition†. There is no forward movement in the progression of music as an art anymore, only the ways in which we experience it. However back to the point of the producer, â€Å"Making is connecting†, written by David Gauntlet investigates the process of creativity and can be related to how this has an effect on current musical practices and the position of popular culture on modern music and inevitably the question of progression. Making is connecting† is fundamentally about how people make things to engage with the world around them, and build connections with others through this process. Gauntlet believes that due to the benefits of popular culture in terms of the internet, file sharing, and platforms that enable people to share their creative work, we are seeing a shift in mentality. Gauntlet describes this as a shift from a’ â€Å"Sit back and be told culture†, to a â€Å"making and doing culture†. (Gauntlet 2009) How to cite Progression of music, Papers

Friday, December 6, 2019

Corporate Strategies of CSL Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Strategies of CSL. Answer: Introduction CSL is a worldwide recognized biotherapeutics organisation which significantly delivers as well as develops the pioneering biotherapies which aid in live saving and also help the individuals with the serious medical illness live full lives. There are around 30 overseas nations where the company has made a renowned presence with its efficient operations and approximately 17,000 employees (CSL, 2017). The primary area of business are the US, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Germany and Australia. Development and growth of CSL through the application of corporate strategies CSL works globally with a vision to have its primary focus on five major elements including customer focus, innovation, integrity, collaboration and superior performance. The company works with a mission statement to address the needs of maximum number of the individuals suffering from serious and threatening medical illness. By the means of its innovative therapies it mission is to save thousands of lives (CSL, 2017). The core competencies are the one because of which CSL has gained such a renowned brand recognition and worldwide presence. Its core competencies comprises of extensive capacity of research and development which offers innovativeness to the company, honest and ethical activities, high level of collaboration which provided strength to the company to undertake major projects, and the best quality of services. With these core competencies, the company is expanding globally with a rapid rate (CSL Behring, 2017). Successful strategies deployed in the past There are several corporate strategies which the company has taken use of and implemented in the organisation for achieving continuous success and growth. Following are the few strategies which CSL has incorporated for achieving huge success. Emergent Strategies Research and development Partnerships: the company has made huge investments in the research and capital department for the development of the new and innovative products. There has been made several partnerships with various numerous academic institutions for supporting the pioneering research programs. Thus, this strategy helped CSL in developing new and innovative product (CSL, 2015). Growth Strategies Global expansion: CSL have already expanded in business in almost 30 nations. Expanding sales and products offerings in these overseas regions is one of the growth strategies of the company to increase its glob al reach, customer base and sales. Current strategies of CSL Following are the current strategies which the company is taking sued of for having increased market share and greater revenues with high markets sustainability. Strategic Partnership Tying partnership knots with large hospitals: It is the current strategy of the company to have further growth i.e. ton to have partnerships with large and big hospitals where the medicines of CSL can directly be served to the patients and thus expanding the use of CSL drugs in major hospitals. Growth Strategies Expansion: Being a successful past strategy, the expansion strategy is also one of the current growth strategies of the organisation. CSL is also planning to expand its business operations in many of the untapped and new regions in the overseas countries. Thus, it can have huge brand recognition and growth by having expansion in other countries (Greenblat, 2010). Ethical and Sustainable Approach By having past history of indulging several unethical practices, the company now have a strategic move to work on high ethical standards and sustainability approach so that there can be improved support from the Government as well as from the legal authorities so that theere can be maintained the smooth functioning of the companys business practices (Stetson, 2017). Business practices of CSL and their criticism Criticism 1: Criticism by FDA (Food and Drug Administration) of US about objectionable practices and conditions and high level of manufacturing flaws in vaccines manufacturing Business practice: the manufacturing operations of CSL were found to be unethical and inappropriate. The vaccines manufactured by the company were criticized because of the high level of manufacturing flaws in them. It was also revealed that the workers even do not wore masks at the time of manufacturing of these vaccines. There were also conducted deficient checks and investigations which revealed that there are issues and problems in some of the processes which the organisation is not concerning upon. The company was also criticised by FDA for the no adequate evaluation of the testing conducted for the raw material. The company take use of the raw material without any proper analysis (Hall, 2011). Its Outcome: the outcome of this unethical business practice and the criticism faced by the company was that there was conducted strict scrutiny of the manufacturing processes and the raw material of CSL. The FDA issued a warning letter against the organisation by raising severe concerns regarding the manufacturing processes. And also warns CSL that if these issues are not fixed then the authority will withdraw the license from the company of selling the products in the US markets. Criticism 2: Criticized for artificially hiking the prices of plasma-derivative protein therapies Business practice: there was an unethical business practice in which CSL deliberately involved. The scam was related to the price-fixing of the plasma-derivative protein therapies. There was involvement of CSL Plasma Inc., CSL Behring LLC and CSL Limited in the scandal. The company unethically and secretly fixed the prices of the blood plasma derivatives immunoglobin and albumin for raising the prices of some of the particular therapies (247LawsuitNews, 2017). Its Outcome: The outcome of this scandal and unethical business practice was that a Blood Plasma Antitrust Suit was filed against the CSL. The company paid $64 million to resolve the issue and to escape from the consequences of this scandal. The organisation also ruined it brand image as well as there was huge criticism from the customers, Government, law regulating bodies, industry as well as the stakeholders (Broady, 2017). SWOT Analysis of CSL Following is the SWOT analysis of CSL which provides in-depth analysis of the companys strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The analysis will help the organisation in understanding its weak points where it needs to work, its strengths of which it can use to grow, the relevant opportunities to help in planning business expansion and the relative threats for making appropriate plans for contingencies and future moves. Strengths The industry of biotechnology is booming with a rapid rate across the globe and CSL is one of the most renowned and recognized brand in this industry and specifically in Australia. The Research and Development department of the company is highly efficient and have enough capacity to have continuous innovations in the operations of the business. Possessing a vigorous RD capacity offers numerous competitive advantages to the company (CSL, 2017). The operations of CSL are extended in the niche segments of genetics, anti-venom, vaccines, etc. this offer extensive market reach to the company and provide strength of extended customer base. There are some of the products which are the core strengths of the company such as cell culture reagents, anti-venom, vaccines and blood plasma derivatives. These products have a strong market share which offers great revenues to the company and strengthen its market share (Researchandmarkets, 2017). Weaknesses The biggest weakness of the company is the diseconomies to scale which is due to the improper management of the large workforce which results in increasing outputs and increasing marginal costs. There are several ethical issues in which the company has indulged. Because of all those issues, the brand image of CSL has been deteriorated and this is one of the weaknesses for its future sustainability and brand reliability. Three is required huge capital investments for the development of every new innovation or technology as a huge amount of research is to be conduct for the creation of the new products (CSL, 2016). Opportunities There are opportunities available for the company related to have increased awareness regarding the usage of enzymes, stem cells, etc. The company has an opportunity to expand its operations in these areas. There can also be done integration of the technologies i.e. to have integration of biotechnology with the nanotechnology and the innovative technologies present in the market. The integration of these technologies will result in development of next generation and pioneering medicines and other medical products. The company also has an opportunity of tying up with numerous big and large hospitals and encourage the use of its products and stem cells (CSL, 2017). Expansion in various other untapped overseas nations and also domestic regions. Threats The biggest threat to CSL is of the government laws and regulations which are extremely strict and restrict all kind of unethical work and production of the drugs or medicines. There is an essential requirement of skilled and competent labour who can handle the biotechnology realigned aspects and operations. The insufficient amount of labour restricts the effective business functioning (CSL Limited, 2017). There are several other biotech organizations who have already initiated the off shoring some if their business operations. One major example of this is the starting up of operations in China of the absolute volume of the medical chemistry contract work. Organisational culture or leadership style of CSL CSL has a strong and vigorous organisational culture which supports the business function and the mission and vision statement of the company. The organisational culture of CSL comprises of the five core values which guides the working of the company. The first core value is customer focus, the company is highly committed to its customers i.e. the patients which requirement medications. The company make efforts to offer the most required medicines to the individuals and improve their lives. To improve the customer focus, the company also conducts education al programmes, support and sponsor the patient programs and also invest high in medical research. The second core value is innovation; CSL invests a lot in its research and development, this result in development of innovative medicines, vaccines and other innovative biotherapies. The next core value is integrity; the company remains committed to the legacy of helping and providing services to the patients who are primarily depends upon the products of CSL for their lives. The company try to maintain high ethical standards in its operations. Another value of CSL is collaboration; the organisation collaborates with the home healthcare organisations, pharmacists, nurses, physicians, investigators, plasma donors and patient groups. There is collaboration with all these individuals for achieving improved results. The fifth and the last core value of CSL is superior performance; the company is highly performance-driven as well as customer-focused (CSL Behring, 2017). The organisation works in such an environment which encourages innovation and strives hard to serve the best possible products to the individuals. Paul Perreault, the CEO of CSL is one of the leaders of the company who have supported the success and growth of the organisation in numerous ways. From motivating the employees to planning the strategies, in every aspect, Paul has sustained the development of CSL. Paul has its major contribution in the improvement of the organisational culture by linking the core values with all the operational functions. Paul works and follows the patient-centric leadership where the needs of the patients are the key priority of the organisation and the individuals working for the organisation (CSL Behring, 2016). Paul always tries to maintain an organisational culture which supports the fulfilment of the patients requirements with utmost quality and high standards products and services References 247LawsuitNews, 2017. Plasma-Derivative Protein Therapies Antitrust Litigation. Accessed on: 9th May, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.247lawsuitnews.com/multi-district-litigation/mdl.asp?case=Plasma-Derivative+Protein+Therapies+Antitrust+Litigationid=127 Ashley Hall, 2011. CSL to address drug manufacturing concerns. Accessed on: 9th May, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-09-29/csl-to-address-drug-manufacturing-concerns/3041910?pfmredir=sm CSL Behring, 2017. CSL CEO Paul Perreault Focuses on Patient-Centric Leadership in Pharma. Accessed on: 9th May, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.cslbehring.com/newsroom/Paul-Perrreault-Keynote-at-eyeforpharma-2016-on-Patient-Centric-Leadership?tabSelections=1255923338766currentPage=2 CSL Behring, 2017. Vision Values. Accessed on: 9th May, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.cslbehring.com/about/csl-behring-vision-values.htm CSL Behring, 2017. Vision Values. Accessed on: 9th May, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.cslbehring.com/about/csl-behring-vision-values.htm CSL Limited, 2017. Company Description. Accessed on: 9th May, 2017. Accessed from: https://gmsnet.kr/kor/grobal_research/1.CSL-Limited.pdf CSL, 2015. CSL Annual Report 2014-15. Accessed on: 9th May, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.annualreports.com/HostedData/AnnualReports/PDF/ASX_CSL_2015.pdf CSL, 2016. CSL Annual Report 2015-2016. Accessed on: 9th May, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.csl.com.au/docs/527/647/CSL_AR16_Sec,0.pdf CSL, 2017. About CSL. Accessed on: 9th May, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.csl.com.au/about CSL, 2017. Innovation. 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